Bill Commons

Frontier AI and compute policy

Follow the policy question through to its evidence. Explore selected domestic developments and international proposals, then examine what each would require someone to prove.

Bounded, source-labelled corpus of selected United States state and federal actions, international instruments, and original-author compute-governance research. It is not a complete jurisdictional tracker, legal advice, or a statement that any proposal is binding. Historical policy-event dates are distinct from retrieval health supplied by an operator refresh snapshot.

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14 selected developments

Select up to 12 developments to compare their evidence.

  1. United States federal / export transactionsagency guidanceissued · as of 2026-05-31

    BIS guidance on license requirements for advanced computing items

    BIS says the license requirement continues for specified advanced-computing items for D:5/Macau-headquartered entities or their ultimate-parent entities.

    Source check: observed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  2. Colorado, United Statesstate lawenacted future effective · as of 2026-05-14

    Colorado SB26-189: Automated Decision-Making Technology

    Enacted Colorado law repealing and reenacting Part 17 for covered automated decision-making technology in consequential decisions; most provisions take effect 1 January 2027.

    Source check: observed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  3. United States federalexecutive orderissued · as of 2025-12-11

    Executive Order 14365: Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence

    Executive order directing agency state-law evaluation, litigation/funding actions, and a legislative recommendation; its listed preemption recommendation excludes AI compute and data-center infrastructure except generally applicable permitting reforms.

    Source check: observed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  4. California, United Statesstate lawenacted · as of 2025-09-29

    California SB 53: Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act

    California signed frontier-AI transparency law described by the Governor as requiring a published framework for large frontier developers, incident reporting, whistleblower protections, and Attorney-General-enforceable penalties.

    Source check: failed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  5. International researchworking paperpublished · as of 2025-07-24

    Verifying International Agreements on AI: Six Layers of Verification

    RAND working paper analyzing six largely independent technical and personnel-based approaches that could eventually help verify possible international rules on large-scale AI development and deployment.

    Source check: failed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  6. United States federal / internationalexecutive orderissued · as of 2025-07-23

    Executive Order 14320: Promoting the Export of the American AI Technology Stack

    Executive order creating a coordinated federal program for full-stack American AI export packages, including compute infrastructure and export-control conditions.

    Source check: observed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  7. United Kingdomgovernment planpublished · as of 2025-01-13

    UK AI Opportunities Action Plan

    Government action plan whose Recommendation 23 is to support and grow the AI Safety Institute's research on model evaluations, foundational safety, and societal resilience.

    Source check: observed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  8. International researchresearch reportpublished · as of 2024-11-27

    Mechanisms to Verify International Agreements About AI Development

    Original-author research report on candidate approaches for verifying possible future international agreements about AI development, including compute-location, training, and evaluation questions.

    Source check: observed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  9. International / Council of Europeinternational treatyopen for signature · as of 2026-09-12

    Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law

    Framework treaty opened for signature. The official Treaty Office chart retrieved for this corpus was dated 12 September 2026 and listed the entry-into-force threshold; this record makes no claim about later treaty status.

    Source check: failed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  10. California, United Statesstate billvetoed · as of 2024-09-29

    California SB 1047: Safe and Secure Innovation for Frontier Artificial Intelligence Models Act

    Vetoed California proposal concerning safeguards and policies for large AI-model developers and compute providers.

    Source check: failed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  11. United States federal guidancefederal guidancepublished voluntary · as of 2024-07-26

    NIST AI 600-1: Generative Artificial Intelligence Profile

    NIST voluntary cross-sector companion profile for managing generative-AI risks across the lifecycle, focused on governance, content provenance, pre-deployment testing, and incident disclosure.

    Source check: observed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  12. Colorado, United Statesstate lawhistorical transition · as of 2026-05-14

    Colorado SB24-205: Consumer Protections for Artificial Intelligence

    Historical Colorado AI framework: SB25B-004 delayed SB24-205 requirements to 30 June 2026, and SB26-189 subsequently repealed and reenacted Part 17 effective mainly 1 January 2027.

    Source check: observed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  13. International / participating countriesinternational declarationpolitical commitment · as of 2023-11-01

    Bletchley Declaration by Countries Attending the AI Safety Summit

    Political declaration recognizing frontier-AI risks and resolving to cooperate on risk understanding, evaluation, and safety testing.

    Source check: observed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00

  14. International / G7 and participating organizationsinternational guidanceadopted guidance · as of 2023-10-30

    G7 Hiroshima AI Process: International Guiding Principles and Code of Conduct

    G7 Leaders issued the Hiroshima AI Process statement with attached international guiding principles and code of conduct for organizations developing advanced AI systems.

    Source check: failed · 2026-10-31T07:30:18.124533+00:00